Hi Aya, you are touching on a pet topic, the existential nature of work and workers, with your reference to David Graeber. Summary here for our community friends: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/may/25/bullshit-jobs-a-theory-by-david-graeber-review
We maddeningly keep the B.S. workflows because that is how the circulatory and nervous system of corporate bodies are setup. And the way the modern corporate body works arguably stems from the inheritance of layers of managerial hierarchies of soldiers returning from World War II. Pre-war industrial organisation structures were flatter and more literally aligned with the nature of the activity going on, say, on the manufacturing floor. Anyway, management layers love B.S. work because it justifies the layers that justify their jobs.
Personally, my experience is that only AI-native companies can hope to do things differently from the get-go. Like, literally, company was born post-2022 and was full-on AI from the start. Everybody else is too entrenched to rip up the playbook; they will change more slowly, using AI for efficiency. Aka version 2.0 of off-shoring: de-layer middle management and use AI to enhance the producers doing whatever they are already doing. E.g., what our community is experiencing IRL in the finance industry, or Google cutting 35% of manager roles: https://www.businessinsider.com/google-has-slashed-more-manager-roles-in-its-efficiency-drive-2025-8
There will be another opportunity to challenge dumb workflows when we are allowed to properly unleash AI agents in the workforce because people have to design the agents and hopefully those people will ask, "why do we have to do this??".
The irony we may find in the future is that we find there is no great utopia for the masses, where they have fulfilling work, etc., because to feel fulfilled in an AI-expectant world, you have to master it, and most people are not capable. But, as we have already seen with the voting patterns of the US elections, people don't want to feel superfluous and unwanted. They become discontent and take action. So maybe we will find B.S. jobs persist to keep people busy; busy people keep velocity of income in the economy; a functioning economy keeps society from imploding on itself. That is a massive political and policy conundrum.
(Incidentally, this is a great trigger topic for contemplating "how to invest for the world in 2030". Tons of thought pieces out there, for a fast read Schroders: https://www.schroders.com/en-gb/uk/intermediary/insights/15-what-ifs-for-the-year-2030/)
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Kara K.W. Byun
Head of Fintech
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